Friday, August 26, 2016

Movie break (Quick Vu/Summer Lite): An old story that was retro in 2003, and embraced by a more-retro-loving modern audience: Freaky Friday (2003)

Lindsay Lohan’s and Jamie Curtis’ performances remain the real justification for this fun time-killer

Thirteenth in a series: Post-9/11 Blues, Internet-infected Brave New World: A revisiting of 2001-10 pop (and political) culture

Subsections below:
A happenstance introduction
A start of the major phase of Lohan’s career
An impressionistic measure: old times, versus…
Looking at things more fine-grained, including postulated music
The lead actresses redeem the show
Side characters happen to be a range of less-than-superhero males
A dose of Disney racism


You ask, “What is he up to now? Why this film?”

I had wanted to do a Lindsay Lohan film for some time, though the reason (mainly giving credit to someone who’s sadly become a punchline for some years) may seem quite frivolous. But then, people might get tired of my “heavy weather” blog entries: “Not another chunky brief about some political morass or personal ‘Russian-prison-literature’ story! Why can’t we have Pop Rocks? Simple pleasures?”

Of course, for those in the U.S. who view the country, as it is seemingly changing, through Donald Trumpian eyes, and lament how “Every day, you seem to find someone else ‘has joined the other team,’ and you don’t know which team they’re on, and you [who aren’t on that same team] don’t know which bathroom you should go to anymore,” a story about old-fashioned family tensions, kids’ dreams, a fantasy story-twist, and a heartwarming ending may be just the ticket. (This while some country songwriter may release a single titled “Should I Hold On Till I Get Home?”)

This film, indeed, seems to speak of “another, simpler time,” which might seem all the starker today, with pictures of bloody kids in Syria and reports of a haystack-haired character, running for high-level U.S. office, whose duck lips are again flapping like a tattered flag in a stiff wind. Freaky Friday was a kids’ novel by Mary Rodgers published in the early 1970s, before libraries and booksellers carved out a huge category—with candy-colored covers and library-cataloguing “YA” markers on book spines—of young adult, fantasy, and sci-fi works that seem as big among youth today as record albums were for teens in the 1970s. Freaky was first made into a film in 1977 (a glimpse of it on the 2003-film DVD suggests it was pretty cheaply made), with Barbara Harris as the mother and Jodie Foster, still a kid, as the daughter.

I think a way to look at the 2003 version, as it is regarded today, is like Tin Pan Alley–inspired rock music of the 1960s (think Paul McCartney in his more old-timey in the 1960s, or Tiny Tim in parts of his album of ~1968, God Bless Tiny Tim)—and let’s try to make the analogy digestible:

* The McCartney music was a “set of retro clothes” (derived from 1920s-30s styles) to put on in the 1960s…

* (this corresponds to how, in 2003, Freaky, of 1970s vintage, seemed when remade in 2003)

* and still later, in the 1970s (or later), the retro-in-’60s music was embraced, in however sympathetic a way (despite its being “retro”), by young rock fans like me (even if the McCartney vaudeville stuff could seem a bit embarrassing at times)…

* (this would correspond to how Freaky, out in 2003, seems to be enshrined today).


A happenstance introduction

In 2003 Freaky Friday came out in remade form, this time with Jamie Lee Curtis as the mother and Lindsay Lohan as the daughter. At the time I was going to movies in theaters quite a lot—I did that habitually from 1999 to about 2006, when I had more disposable income in my pocket—and I was familiar with Lindsay Lohan only in a cursory way, as having been in something called The Parent Trap (1998), also a Disney remake as is the 2003 film under review. Freaky Friday was released in what is usually the summer “fallow” release period for films, August. Still, it ended up a huge hit.

I saw it early in the month (August 2003), I believe, and I definitely saw it again that year, in very-late August just before Labor Day, in a situation that helps anchor my “nest of reasons” for focusing on this film: I was in the midst of helping pseudonymous Betty, the woman who is the elder-female focus of my memoir A College Try that Courted Trouble, and Betty would have (with the essential aid of an attorney who specialized in such cases) a restraining-order hearing against her husband of eight months, in September 2003, in which hearing I served as one of two witnesses. This enormously complicated hearing—three hours long, and built up to over weeks in September (amid several postponements)—would be a major factual anchor for A College Try.

But also, my dealings with Betty were such that more than one fairly conventional support-group exponent (or frequent attendee) with whom I had friendly dealings would suggest or imply that I was taking a chance (or wasting energy) in dealing with Betty as I was (the full memoir explains how this was a truly nuanced, believable situation). But in my pragmatic (and patient) mode with Betty, I felt there was little other choice, or I made what decent choices I felt were mine to make (especially with what came out in the restraining-order hearing, multiple times she had gotten the police involved with her partner-then-husband). In late August 2003, it was a simple walkabout matter of consequence of this many-months situation that I happened to be with her; now we were somewhat desultorily hanging around in the Ledgewood Mall area in Morris County, N.J., when to kill time (I would have to go back to records to explain precisely how this developed), we went into a cool movie theater on the hot day and watched Freaky Friday.

(Incidentally, as precipitously or graspingly as other minor entanglements were invoked in that restraining order hearing [not least concerning a few of Betty’s female friends of the time], this movie-watching episode was not touched on at all, because Betty’s husband didn’t know about it. By the way, one of the big issues Betty’s husband made just before the September 2003 restraining order period was that, as he alleged, she had had an affair with her ex-husband [first husband] when they took their [Betty’s and her first husband’s] son to college around Labor Day. Yes, things in her life got that crazy, and then some.)

This second watching of Freaky in 2003 I might not have done if not with Betty and wondering which film to see. It seemed appropriately light to help Betty take her mind off some grim stuff she was engrossed in at the moment.

Betty thought Lindsay Lohan’s character Anna was as she, Betty, had been as a teen. (A little wild or mouthy, was the implication, I guess.)


A start of the major phase of Lohan’s career

Meanwhile, my viewing of this film twice in 2003, and maybe not only this, left me with the impression that Lohan was a rising star, and indeed she would end up as probably the most talked-about film actress of her generation for about four years from 2003 to 2007. In fact, Freaky Friday was something of a film comeback for Lohan—who was about 16 when she made it—after her last “hit” in The Parent Trap, and Freaky seemed to get her the notice that led to a string of films marketed as including her starring in them for the next four-or-so years. (She had started as a model at age three—obviously begun in this career by coddling parents—and had been in one or more TV productions as a kid.)

Perhaps the film most cited in a thumbnail sketch of her career has been Mean Girls (2004), where she plays the “good girl” who ingenuously works herself into the clique of mean princesses who “lord it over” others in their high school, something of a repeat of part of the Heathers (1989) story scheme. Mean Girls was written by Tina Fey, another rising star in films (as a screenwriter) at the time.

Lohan would appear in such Disney fare as a follow-up to the old Herbie the Love Bug films (she would have been born many years after the last of these had been in the theater). That film-theme was so old that I had a toy Herbie in about 1970, and had long lost it (or disposed of it) by the time I was in high school in the late 1970s. Lohan would also appear in adult things like A Prairie Home Companion (2006), the last film made by Robert Altman, which adapted the Garrison Keillor radio show.

Then by early 2007 Lohan started to make lurid unfavorable headlines with her drug problems, and her film career got to the point that, in about mid-2007, Jack Nicholson and other actors set up a sort of boycott where they refused to be in a film deal with Lohan, because she was so unreliable about turning up on the set on time. Since about 2007, Lohan has not really been the golden star she was for the years just before, though she occasionally turns up in things, like the shlock parody Machete (2010) and something rather odd directed by Paul Schrader in about 2013. She even appeared as a guest actress on TV’s 2 Broke Girls in 2014 or 2015, with her husky voice and playing a fairly forgettable character as a bride-to-be who couldn’t make up her mind about what she wanted for her wedding from the confectionery run by the characters played by Kat Dennings and Beth Behrs.

My point isn’t to belabor Lohan’s declined career, but to note she was a profitable proposition for a few years during the Bush II Administration. Freaky Friday was her first major hit as a teen-heading-to-twenty star. And that film itself was an old-fashioned Disney fantasy of sorts, though it seems today securely enshrined (perhaps as a precious artifact, for some) in the canon of the fantasy/sci-fi constituency.


An impressionistic measure: old times, versus…

Seeing Freaky today reminds me of “old times”—for one thing, 2003 and associating with Betty, and when films somehow had more of an innocence-and-pluck about them than they do today. Also, Freaky struck me when I first saw it (e.g., in how shots were composed) as made rather off-hand, and yet effective in its comedy. Today, I’m struck by its adept way of being put together, even if it seems a little cheaply made by, say, huge-Disney-hit standards. The producer was Andrew Gunn, and the director Mark Waters.

As written for 2003 (by Heather Hach and Leslie Dixon), it has a lot of corny premises and jokes (and occasional physical slapstick, and canned lines like the resolving “Let’s do this!”), but it usually works well enough as basic entertainment, and works especially well in the performances of Curtis and Lohan as the mother and daughter who, due to a kind of magic wrought by a Chinese restaurateur, supernaturally exchange places—their minds/“souls” end up in each other’s bodies—and they thus have an opportunity to “see what it’s like being in the other’s shoes” until such time as they learn a life-affirming lesson, and their minds then supernaturally go back to their original bodies.

This may sound like cornball stuff, but it’s a fun romp for a summer period that might otherwise seem a seasonal limbo before (say, if we look at just 2016) Labor Day comes and (groan) the presidential race gets into high gear. And, as I said, Curtis’ and Lohan’s performances are quite good. Lohan is especially good, with her aping of a “middle-aged mom’s” gestures and vocal tones. She shows why she seemed quite the promising young talent for some years.


Looking at things more fine-grained, including postulated music

I enjoyed re-watching this film the first time this month (August 2016), even if the worn DVD had skips toward the end, starting when there is rapprochement between mother and daughter and the spell is removed. I remembered enough of the film from 2003 that these skips didn’t matter much in following the story (especially when it was at its more banal/mawkish), though that kind of skipping usually disturbs me a lot when I watch DVDs.

Watching this film a second time this month, and parts a third-or-so time, left me feeling this was a better film for 16-year-olds up to about college age maybe, than for old codgers like me who (among many other, more warmhearted pursuits) enjoy throwing verbal darts at fish-in-a-barrel Donald Trump. Those whose lives are close to a “peak experience” with Bubble Yum, Pop Rocks, and that kind of sneakers that are augmented with flickering lights (OK, maybe I’m sketching/imputing an age-group too young for this film), and gossip during lunchtime at school, may feel this film stands up well on multiple viewings. But for me it is a lot of fun the first time, and looks quite shallow a second time. Maybe that’s a function partially of my current income-related doldrums.

Anna Coleman, played by Lohan, is a girl of about 16, “stressing out” over schoolwork and boys; she’s one of those concoctions of movies of this type, a mid-teens girl going through a rebellious phase; with blond streaks in her red hair, Lohan looks a bit like the smart girl indulging in some rebellious “cross-currents.” And she is a bandmate (in a rock band called Pink Slip) with two other peer-age girls, played by Christina Vidal [URL 1; see URL list at end of entry] and Haley Hudson [URL 2], both of whom have a “garage rock-group” look, Vidal with rainbow-colored streaks in her frizzy hair, and Hudson with a sort of goth/Tim Burton–esque look, pale face and dark shock of chopped-off straight, black hair. (By the way, marketing mavens: note the trio of type of hero-sylphs: bonhomie-rich girl “of color,” “white girl with black hair,” and “white girl with red hair (with blond streaks),” the latter a substitute for a purely blond girl.)

The music they play, which is first sampled in the Colemans’ garage, is a sort of semi-punk hard rock, which when featuring the female voices sounds a lot like Joan Jett and the Blackhearts. (There are also two male players, who comprise the rhythm section—drums and bass. They actually look like they’d appear in such a band—at least, a generic high school rock group.) The song they rehearse, which later is a “familiarized” basis for the film’s edge-of-our-seats performing climax, is something apparently titled “On and On and On,” with the ponderous, somewhat pompous manner of classic semi-metal hard rock, here made rather “generic” so it wouldn’t be a ripoff of any real song (I presume), but with enough hooks to keep us interested. (I don’t think I’m alone is saying this song is more interesting than the actual, earnest single Lohan lead-sings at the end of the film, which strikes me as more forgettable today than it must have in 2003.)

Anna, as the putative star bandmate, is one of the guitarists (in the band, Vidal seems to alternate between being a lead singer and singer/guitarist; Hudson also plays a guitarist [legs widely splayed like a seasoned “ax-man’s”] and sings backup; all three girls have guitars when they appear in the perform-to-playback video segment at film’s end, the type of thing that would get some more jaded audience members getting up to leave, not wanting to stay for this, as they’d call it, self-indulgent marketing move centering on Lohan, who was nurturing a career as a recording artist anyway).

Within the film’s story, Anna is supposedly the one who delivers the steaming guitar solo (one of the film’s few close-to-mock-worthy lines is, from Hudson’s character to Anna [in a moment before they are close to even being on stage], “You rock harder than anyone I know!”—and if you can embrace a film that has values like that—we all, for this film, can momentarily self-lobotomize if we enjoyed rock growing up—then you won’t squirm watching this film [another line is Hudson’s character’s assurance to Anna, when her mom is (unknown to Hudson) in Anna’s body, “We’ll still love you even if it [the guitar break] blows!”]).

The big climax of the film, in terms of Anna’s more idealistic “career aims,” is when, with her body still inhabiting her mom’s spirit/mind, she is awkwardly on stage as the band is supposed to do well in this contest-type show to qualify for [whatever], and how is she going to “deliver the rock ’n’ roll,” as the estimable Keith Richards would say (there is even a Richards-related joke, of a less-respectful type, shortly before this point), when it is Anna’s noodgy mom in her body?

But saints be praised, Anna, in her mom’s body, is off to the side behind the curtains on the stage, playing a guitar that is plugged in to an amplifier, and steaming guitar break (not one to embarrass her bandmates) is heartily delivered at the right time—with stage-located Anna’s body/mom’s mind, helpfully coordinating, amateurishly aping playing the guitar. The ruse isn’t detected; the crowd, roused (and maybe pretty soused), cheers to the heroics of the climactic guitar break. All is well, for the moment.

If you allow this kind of climax-of-sorts, this film is a good summer Saturday treat.


The lead actresses redeem the show

As I’ve suggested, when Curtis as “mom’s body with Anna inside” and Lohan as “Anna’s body with mom inside” are front and center doing their thing, they are far and away the most entertaining parts of this film. There’s something about an actor “in a role playing someone other than his/her normal character”—a sort of “meta” acting stunt—that can be very entertaining when done well.

Lohan with her cherub-like face—she seems to straddle being a girl and young adult in appearance here (looking here more girlish to me today than she did in 2003)—is remarkable for emoting (when she is Anna) in a teen’s hair-trigger moment-by-moment way, and (when she’s mom Tess) aping a “humorlessly prim mother,” showing what a talent Lohan impressed people as in those days. She would only improve on this status in films released in the next few years (she would also be a rare actress of her generation who seemed to convey arresting charisma in both performances and in still photos). (I didn’t care for her appearing in her music-video bit at the end of Freaky; I couldn’t, in general, understand why promising actresses had to show they could sing, too. This wasn’t necessary for me. Less objectionably, Evan Rachel Wood did singing in Across the Universe [2007], when she sung one or two Beatles songs—the film was essentially a celebration of that group’s work. [I actually liked that film, and I’m a pretty particular Beatles fan.])

Lohan’s acting chops can be seen—in addition to Anna’s more standard, heated head-butting moments with Curtis as her mom—when the family is at the Chinese restaurant, seated around the table, and Anna is being “surly,” or whatever her mother assesses her as. There are further exchanges, leading to when Anna gets into a surprising conciliatory mode that her mother interprets, rightly, as representing that Anna foxily has a sort of big favor to ask. But amid this, notice how, at one or more points, Lohan has a sort of mixed-emotions look about her, which seems so right to the moment: her eyes, as she reads the menu and is semi-stewing amid the exchanges, seem angry-and-ironic, yet there is also a sort of bemusement about her face. She isn’t just being an impossible brat; there is something more resourceful and emotionally humored about her. You wonder how much of this was a function of (for Lohan the actress) multiple takes and the director guiding her, or how much a function of short sleep, or whatever. But it helps show how Lohan can be a vivid presence in articulating emotions for a part. We see it in other of her better films, too.

Curtis here, with short hair, has that sort of vaguely “butch” look that she has often had in recent years (you kind of mischievously think of a sort of party game: get a photo of Curtis of recent years, with her close-cropped hair, and put it side by side with a photo of her father Tony Curtis from Some Like It Hot [1959]—and will you start having a gender-bending-related freakout?). She seems to be having fun “being Anna in her mother’s body” in this film, including getting mischievous digs in at Anna’s younger brother Harry, played by Ryan Malgarini [URL 3].

By the way, Curtis’ Tess is a psychologist by profession, going about her life with a personal digital assistant (those have gone by the board, with the advent of smartphones, haven’t they?), and other ways she is plugged in to the modern day’s frenetic, tech-enabled go-go life. She has, among others less pathetic, a needy client in Evan, who is a classic midbrow-stereotype basket case of a psych client, good for cheap movie laughs and little more.

One could also comment in this connection on the wider relevance, or the conceptual way that a wider discussion can be worked up, in the Tess/Anna relationship, which seems inherently “built for conflict”—such as the mother, a psychologist no less, who presumably has a fairly rigid, conventionalized way of assessing human behavior, and the semi-rebellious mid-teens daughter who is “breaking bounds” as a matter of growing up. The mother, not just by virtue of her professional training, is defined by a conceptual schema in her way of understanding the child in a way that inherently leads to clashes with how her child wants to be understood and accepted. (This is assuming the mother isn’t, herself, starkly dysfunctional.) This all could lead to a discussion of the daughter as a possible case of borderline personality disorder (with the mother possibly mildly narcissistic), but this film seems enough aimed to keeping things on a harmless-fun level that I won’t go further along these lines here.


Side characters happen to be a range of less-than-superhero males

Other characters are Ryan, Tess’s fiancĂ© (her first husband died, making this film a blessedly unusual one where the “broken home” is due to the death of a parent, not a divorce—the sort of thing that would have been an oasis of “rare forgiving culture” in the wider pop culture of the 1970s and 1980s when I [and maybe you] could have used a little more understanding of growing up without a father). Ryan is played by Mark Harmon [URL 4], at the time an actor whom I remembered as a sort of stolid Disney all-American “boy next-door,” somewhat on a par with Ken Berry (remember him?). Harmon, who looks here a bit like Tom Cruise’s older brother, has of course appeared in CBS’s NCIS TV show since 2003—which show I have never seen, but seen advertised on TV many times.

Grandpa—he of the bad hearing, and limited eyesight (and hence good for a range of jokes tied to those disabilities)—is played by Harold Gould [URL 5].

Harry (Malgarini) is the classic moppet, a small, cute-faced kid who is precocious with some of his reactions, remarks, etc., even when some of his values are of the ilk of uninhibitedly eating some sweet out of a container with friends before dinner.

There is also a noodgy English teacher who “has it in” for Anna, apparently because he resented a long-ago snub from Tess when he and Tess were classmates. This teacher, Mr. Bates, is played by Stephen Tobolowsky [URL 6].

Not least among the side characters is Jake (Chad Michael Murray [URL 7]), the boy (older and with two non-school jobs) who has an eye for Anna (as she does him), who gets swept up in supernaturally-induced plot complications when he falls for the spirited spice of who he thinks is Anna’s mother, when the mom’s body has Anna inside it. Meanwhile, Anna’s body with the mother’s frosty personality turns him off. There is thus a sort of “mistaken-identity/romantic-attraction” subplot that reminds me vaguely of something in the more risque Victor/Victoria (1982), directed by Blake Edwards.


A dose of Disney racism

Perhaps one of the more objectionable-type characters are the two Chinese restaurant workers, the older of whom (the mom) casts the spell over Tess and Anna, with the aid of little more than fortune cookies and some incantation in untranslated Chinese (hmm, amazing how resourceful the Chinese are—from massively building a state under Mao to manning factories like Dickensian workers in more recent years, and then this casting-a-spell stuff…). (The spell could be removed in line with the fortune cookie inscription—and you thought these were just churned-out pop-psych slag—with the message including “then selfless love will change you back.”)

(Seriously, I am charmed by Chinese restaurants, or at least I used to go to them a lot more than in very recent years. My favorite, which I still go to when I can, is a place called Peking House on Route 23 in Butler, N.J., which I think has been there since 1980, though I only started going to it in 2003. The female among the couple who owns it, Vivien [sp?] as she is known, is very friendly to me and my mother [when my mother accompanies me there], though I’m sure Vivien fully performs as the friendly small-business owner to the tons of more-local people who patronize that restaurant. The Chinese “ethos” of, in a service-industry capacity, being obsequious and “wanting to serve”—which some of Vivien’s underworkers have done more than she has—can strike me as embarrassing, as I wasn’t brought up to be “waited on” in an old-time, servants-to-rich-folk way. But Vivien, when schmoozing with customers, also has a familiar [if broken-English] service-industry manner that is echoed in the daughter in this Freaky film in no miniscule way. So the depictions of restaurateurs here aren’t entirely “fantastic.” But I think there is enough of a stereotypic quality here that I offer my qualms.)

The daughter is played by Rosalind Chao [URL 8], and the mother by Lucille Soong [URL 9]. In case you thought these characters amounted to Disney taking a “rare misstep” in terms of “political correctness,” actually, Disney racism, if you want to routinely call it that, has been part of its game for many decades. Since the company always aimed at “middle middle class,” you could say, ethnic stereotypes—with no malice intended—were always a marketing staple.

As long ago as Fantasia (1940), I think it was, there was a segment of two mushrooms looking like stereotyped robed Chinese doing a dance, or such. The film Song of the South (1946), based on Uncle Remusstories, featuring the song “Zippetty Doo-Dah” (which should be quite familiar to many), was derived from a sort of “trustworthy property” (Joel Chandler Harrisstories) to make a film of; but today, it would seem quite racist regarding Blacks, almost like the old Amos ’n’ Andy stuff.

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Thursday, August 4, 2016

Movie break (with Book Look): A TV network, allegedly appeasing Republicans in power, sacrifices dedicated journalists: Truth (2015), Part 1 of 5

A smooth docu-drama on a 12-year-old news-report controversy highlights a news producer who seems to have been railroaded*

Fifteenth in a series: The Dawning of the Age of the ACA: Looking askance at pop and political culture of 2011–now

*The series title and subheads in some parts echo one of the film’s theses, but details are combed over in this mini-series partly to determine the title’s truth.

[Edits 8/8/16.]

Subsections below:
[introduction]
A story old and yet with relevant aspects; and a sketchy history of CBS anchormen
[Story key A] Sidebar—The messy story in a nutshell
Humorous sidebar: Another anchorman’s missteps (a controversy in 2015)

To come in Part 2:
[introduction]
[Story key A] Sidebar—The messy story in a nutshell
The trajectories of the two careers involved—Rather’s and Mapes’
“Hoist with their typeface”: The issue of the Killian documents, which still seems to stick in some controversy-principals’ craw (which I’d like to set aside, so the principals’ case can still be respected)

To come in Part 3:
[Story key B] Sidebar—A “score card” of the Texas Guard supervisors (and one or two others) who are relevant
The film’s story focusing on Mapes; and my main theses
Mapes’ memoir’s rooting and compelling nuggets, and my “meshing” a bit
[sub-subsection heads withheld here]

To come in Part 4:
Last nuggets from Mapes’ memoir
The dense, misguided last-minute editing
The document experts
Bill Burkett, relatively close up
A sketchy argument: Judging how much, or when, a case holds water
The debate between old media and new (Internet) media

To come in Part 5 (among other content):
How well does the film do? What do you readers need to “study up on” before seeing this film?


This entry also reviews, to an extent: Dan Rather, Rather Outspoken: My Life in the News (New York: Grand Central Publishing, 2012); and Mary Mapes, Truth and Duty: The Press, the President, and the Privilege of Power (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2005).

(See disclaimer at end of this entry. I am not out to throw darts at CBS News; in fact, I regularly listen to its news on Newsradio 880 and in the evening news in the New York area [the Channel 2 and the network news], and 60 Minutes has long been my favorite TV program. Shows how nerdy I am.)


“Mary [Mapes] is a real reporter, an indefatigable reporter—the kind you make movies about.”

—Dan Rather, in his autobiography, Rather Outspoken, p. 36

Starting in the spring, I took out Dan Rather’s autobio (Rather Outspoken: My Life in the News) for two four-week periods, all in anticipation of doing a careful review of this film. Alas, I was unable to spend as much time on the book as I’d wanted, though I did reread, with interest, the section on the September 2004 George W. Bush/Air National Guard news piece and how it contributed to Rather’s “downfall” at CBS News. (I’d already read this episode a couple years ago or so.) Enough odd stuff has been going on in my life lately, with a busy enough work schedule for this summer for some weeks, that I have put off completing this review…while additional reading has come into the picture (Mary Mapes’ memoir Truth and Duty [St. Martin’s, 2005]). (I took out Rather’s book again recently.)

Meanwhile, enough has been said about Rather’s end with CBS—in the news, in his lawsuit against CBS filed in September 2007, in his autobio of 2012 (Grand Central Publishing), and now in this 2015 film, which itself was in development for about seven years—that I don’t expect, nor would I want, to say anything definitive about his anchorman’s career’s ending, even in my limited-aims review style. (Rather’s suit in 2007 alleged, among other issues, “breach of contract, interference with prospective economic advantage, and fraud, based on CBS’s ‘intentional mishandling’ of the aftermath of the Bush/Guard story” [his autobio, p. 228].)


A story old and yet with relevant aspects; and a sketchy history of CBS anchormen

I found the film Truth very interesting, but after seeing it one and a half times, I had to return it to the library (on a rapid-turnaround set of library terms) and also felt I could do it more justice later in the year. For those who like All the President’s Men (1976), and I suspect mostly journalism students value that today (but probably others politically-minded do, too), Truth is a pretty solid, competently done example of the genre. (I intend to view Truth again in coming days or weeks, as is needed to round out this review.)

I would suggest that those interested in the film read up on the political/journalism issues first—get a handle (from Wikipedia and elsewhere) on the issues of President George W. Bush and his deficient service in the Air National Guard of 1968-73, and how CBS reported the matter in September 2004, and the fallout from this (most known about is Dan Rather’s stepping down in 2005 as anchorman for the national CBS News [though he’d been set to retire about a year later, anyway]). Rather’s 2012 autobio has a very useful account—it is all of detailed, crisply eloquent, and readable—but maybe if you can find Mary Mapes’ book, that would prepare you, too, in especially useful ways. (This book seems a relatively rare bird in the New York State library system I frequently use.)

[Story key A] Sidebar—The messy story in a nutshell: On September 8, 2004, a story about George W. Bush was included in the second 60 Minutes program CBS ran in those days—60 Minutes II, it was called (having started in about 1998; the program’s first name Wikipedia articles repeatedly get wrong); it would eventually (in late 2004) be renamed 60 Minutes Wednesday, and be canceled in 2005 (Mapes, p. 335). Meanwhile, the old and staid 60 Minutes that had run since 1968 (and still does today, on Sunday; in TV terms, this means it’s been on “forever”) was still on. 60 Minutes II was a sort of junior-league program compared to its parent, with an angle to be a bit lighter (no surprise).

The September 8 segment on George W. Bush and his service in the Texas Air National Guard (starting in May 1968 and last documented as having any active status in May 1972, with a May 1973 report suggesting Bush had done nothing documented in this service for a year, and with his receiving an honorable discharge in October 1973, six months before his six-year term would ordinarily have ended). Dan Rather—who in those days, due to CBS News internal politics (alluded to in Rather’s and Mapes’ memoirs), could not have segments appear on the Sunday parent program—was the correspondent for the Bush segment. Mary Mapes was the lead “producer” for the segment, having worked on the story with several other people all of whom had solid track records as TV producers, researchers, or the like. After the story ran, starting the morning after it was broadcast, there welled up tremendous controversy mostly from members of the public, with blog postings especially presenting statements, arguments, and vitriol, with the potential of the Internet—in a sort of Googlebombing (what Rather calls a “blog swarm”)—to both noisily and attention-winningly present an issue, and make it seem to have wings and extent beyond what traditional media used to be able to do.

The central point of controversy was that documents presented in the report, allegedly written by a Lieutenant Colonel Jerry B. Killian, who had been an officer in the Texas Air National Guard when Bush was in it and who was Bush’s supervising superior, were argued to be forgeries. In the aftermath, Rather issued an apology (on or just after September 20, and via a written statement [Mapes, pp. 233-34] as well as, I believe, a notice given on the evening news) for the Killian memos and for the now-purported deficiency of the September 8 report. Later CBS had an investigation of the reporting done by a panel headed by former Attorney General, and a Republican, Richard Thornburgh, and the ex-CEO of the Associated Press, Louis Boccardi. As a result of this, in early 2005 Mary Mapes was fired by CBS as a producer. Dan Rather, who would have retired in 2006 anyway, was led to step down as CBS News anchorman in March 2005. Other CBS employees were led to resign, with at least some receiving financial settlements in legal arrangements (per Rather).


I think this is the least controversial way the matter can be summarized, but I tell you, there are considerable details surrounding the situation, both regarding how Mapes developed the story (and, indeed, what her own respectable career in TV journalism was) and how CBS handled the aftermath of the controversy as it focused on the Killian memos. This turned out to be an enormously complicated story, but it turns out you can get a good grip on it from two books, Rather’s and Mapes’, and I wouldn’t have gone into all this if the film Truth didn’t seem like it needed some supplementary research to be able to assess it fairly.

Clearly, to dismiss the film outright as some CBS notables did last fall—indeed, the CBS network refused to carry ads for the film—is not quite justified, though as I know, a media firm will tend to defend its side in a highly pitched controversy “to the death,” despite what other parties have demonstrated, in court, in books, and otherwise.

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The “world” of this film seems both relevant and yet, now, “old-time.” It’s hard to believe it’s 12 years ago the roots of this story happened. Network news still had the grip on audiences it did for many of the post–World War II decades, though its market share was declining; a major news reporter could still act on the idea that investigative reporting on some major shortcoming in a presidential candidate on a national news program could affect the presidential election. Consider how Donald Trump seems to wear his shortcomings, or at least his provocative “ways,” on his sleeve. Trump’s own status as “fit, by experience, to lead the military as its civilian commander in chief” (undercut in especially disturbing fashion this week) makes George W. Bush’s service in the Texas Air National Guard look almost like a decorated stint in the Pacific theater during World War II. In fact, even an endorsement of Trump by Dick Cheney doesn’t sink him, though you could imagine this would have been the kiss of death for a Republican presidential candidate in the 2012 or 2008 elections.

For those too young to know much (or care), network-TV news used to be a major “campfire” around which the American middle class gathered to both be informed on major news of the day and adjust their opinions to what seemed right (or reasonable) to think about things. Famously, it was TV news that showed what the media could do—and what obstacles the Pentagon could be up against, public-relations-wise—if TV news crews could cover a war (like Vietnam) out in the grimy field and show it going badly for the U.S. It was in this context that the likes of Morley Safer, Dan Rather, and various print journalists (e.g., David Halberstam or the more memoir-oriented Michael Herr, who died recently) who later became Grand Old Men of the profession first cut their teeth. Whatever these journalists had done before the war to earn their early stripes, Vietnam really sealed them as battle-tested journalists. Watergate only added (over two fascinating years) to their experience and, as the public trusted them, to their credibility as national leaders of a sort.

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The anchorman was a feature of TV news that existed in some form when TV news first started, by the early 1950s, with the likes of CBS’s Douglas Edwards. But it was Walter Cronkite (1916-2009) on CBS (and Chet Huntley and David Brinkley on NBC [see here]) who first defined the role, again starting during the Vietnam era. It’s remarkable to think that when Cronkite first started doing a nightly report as an anchor, the national TV news was only 15 minutes long. It was a bit of a big deal when it expanded to half an hour.

Cronkite’s tenure as anchorman ran from 1962 until 1981. In the latter year, he retired because he was about retirement age for CBS workers. Cronkite, who lived almost 30 years after this, has long been lionized as some kind of magisterial and exemplary figure in network TV news; and modern journalism students can choose to regard him as glowingly as they will. But for TV anchors as for so many others, a good reputation comes with time, and it helps that people forget flaws and other down-sides. By about 1971, Cronkite was still known enough among conservatives as a mouthpiece for the “liberal media” that the fictional Archie Bunker on All in the Family (also a CBS program) would show his crabby-conservative stripes and trigger laughs (however angled in the audience) by giving a “raspberry” to Cronkite when he was on.

If one were to write a mildly satirical history of TV news (say, if one were from a Far East country coming to grips with the wondrous if puzzling features of U.S. culture), one would say: “Well, you have a Jewish-owned TV network, with head offices in New York City [William S. Paley (1901-90), famously, was the owner of CBS who first developed it as a major network up through the early 1980s]; and to get the consuming public to trust your national news, you get some Scandinavian or inoffensively Germanic type, or some kind of relatable WASP type or a Midwestern type, whom the average middle-class viewers across the country would trust as if he was as right as rain. Then you pursue a liberal agenda in how you tend to report on things, without making this look obvious.” Cronkite came of age as an anchorman when this sort of thing was ongoing (and not really objected to) in the early decades of TV news. (A more-local correlate was Jim Jensen, the anchorman at the flagship station of WCBS-TV in New York, who worked as an anchorman there from about 1965 to about 1994, after some earlier issues [including apparent comportment among fellow reporters and, as I recall, in his rare instances of troubled demeanor when anchoring] concerning substance abuse he had suffered for years.)

Dan Rather was Cronkite’s successor as TV anchor, and would be the long-serving anchorman CBS News ever had, 24 years, from 1981 through spring 2005. (Cronkite served for 19 years.) It seems that Cronkite—who first helped Rather get some standing as when Rather reported on a hurricane in Texas and/or on the JFK assassination—later had harbored some mixed feelings about Rather. Rather in his 2012 book talks about someone who had first been his supervisor back in the 1960s speaking ill of him in (I believe) the 2004-05 period when Rather’s stock was falling precipitously, and I could well understand Rather’s pain at this.

Rather had some quirks (sometimes stumbling in his verbal delivery, for which he supposedly was given some coaching) and some passing, minor career missteps or quirky episodes, which were publicly noted, among them:

* the “Courage!” signoff to some of his broadcasts (in the 1990s?) (this is actually playfully referenced in the Truth film);

* the “What’s the frequency, Kenneth?” odd encounter (in the 1990s?) with an eccentric on the street (Mapes [p. 223] says this eccentric eventually killed someone);

* his jousting with Nixon in about 1973 when Nixon asked, “Are you running for something, Mr. Rather?” and Rather answered, “No, sir. Are you?” (Rather recounts this in his memoir, p. 148);

* his tussle with George H.W. Bush regarding the Iran-contra scandal in an early 1988 (I believe that’s the time) TV interview that seemed to make Rather look bad more than it did Bush; Rather’s walking off the set when a sports event ran late, and the screen was dark for about six minutes).

But Rather must have served CBS well, for he held his position for 24 years. He was enough part of the culture that even someone like me, who was less than 10 years old in the 1960s, could remember his name as when the CBS news used to list, in screen titles, which reporters were reporting from where and their names were spoken (I recall an announcer intoning, during the initial “credits,” something like “Dan Rather, reporting from Saigon”)—and one of my few memories of my father’s jokes about items or figures from popular culture was his remark about “Rather Dan,” just a play on the name and nothing more. Rather was famously part of the 60 Minutes crew when that show built its reputation in the 1970s.

In general, Rather was a famous figure in U.S. culture, for news junkies and anyone else who had even mild knowledge of the American news/political scene. If Cronkite didn’t develop a reputation as “Uncle Walter,” a grand old figure who radiated splendid trustworthiness, Dan Rather would be the main face of CBS News, for the period (as it turned out) that bridged the post-Vietnam era through the end of the Cold War and up through “Y2K,” “9/11,” and the Iraq war of 2003 and after.

After Rather left the news division in 2005, there was a bit of a managerial struggle to replace him, and beef up ratings to boot. Katie Couric was brought in in 2006, and lasted about five years; with her, it was attempted to give a softer face to CBS News (someone, maybe CBS News exec Jeff Fager, remarked that he wanted to get rid of the “voice of God” aspect to anchoring the news that he implied was an off-putting flavor to Rather’s approach). Well, CBS got rid of the voice of God, and replaced it with a woman’s touch that, however hard Katie tried, came out seeming wimpy and not up to what was needed for such news.

The next anchor to last several years, and still in the seat, is Scott Pelley (who Rather said [memoir, p. 291] had worked with and for him), who has a Rather-like burden in both anchoring the nightly news and doing other assignments, such as pieces on 60 Minutes—a sideline that Rather was fulfilling when he had his fatal step that occasions the film Truth. To me, Pelley resembles no one among CBS anchors so much as Dan Rather—with the squarish head, the generous, sonorous bearing—but with a softened tone. It would seem CBS knew it had a good thing with Rather, so it brought on a “nicer” one for today’s younger audiences, in the form of Pelley. (Rather also commends Fager for continuing to uphold the core values of CBS News [p. 291].)

(Humorous sidebar: Another anchorman’s missteps. The role of the anchorperson, which today’s smartphone-centered millennials might find quaint, is still a solid “staple” of American life. [Tongue in cheek here.] One can imagine Brian Williams, after his stepping down as anchor of NBC in 2015 following an infraction that was in some ways worse than the problem of the 2004 Mapes report, sitting at home, wimpering: “What am I going to do now? I have this fund of a gravitas-exuding voice, a senatorial bearing—and nice power suits! I can’t just speak that way and wear those suits if I worked at Kinko’s!” “No,” his wife says with quiet, patient dryness, “you can’t.” As it happens, Williams has another on-camera role in the NBC fold. [And, seriously: As a measure of the opprobrium Williams was subjected to when this issue was out in 2015, for one of many examples, The Star-Ledger, New Jersey’s main newspaper, had an article in its February 6, 2015, issue, “Vets rip Williams over ‘reprehensible’ war story”; this included a quote from the American Legion: “As an organization of American veterans, the American Legion finds this type of behavior [Williams’ having claimed to be subjected to combat danger during the 2003 phase of the Iraq war to which he really hadn’t] to be reprehensible, and we hope that Mr. Williams will redeem himself.” (p. 1)])

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If you appreciate all this cultural history, you can understand how Truth—which is, for its story, focused mainly on Mary Mapes, the producer behind the Bush/Guard story—pretty much features Rather as a sort of side figure, and yet assumed as “a trusted, respectable figure.” Even Robert Redford in portraying him—Redford is in the shadows here, unlike his more central role in All the President’s Men—makes him seem like an old warhorse, with nothing left to prove, walking around his privileged environs as if among his main daily ambitions these days is a good bowel movement, and occasionally sporting a substantial drink in hand. (Redford’s Rather is like an old Pontiac GTO—he still runs as he always did, except he requires repeated topping-off infusions of oil—in this case, apparently labeled with the name “Dewar’s.”) 

Some snarky, younger types might scorn how Rather is presented here as if he is an Abe Lincoln, “assumed as respectable and quietly wonderful,” while the character lined up to go through a painful, wracking odyssey is his female key-support, Mary Mapes. I think Rather was depicted this way because the film knew its audience would basically be people who either (1) are journalists or enthusiasts about same, who don’t care to debate the ins and outs of Rather as a person or professional, or (2) those who grew up on the Rather news who know CBS by him more than by old Uncle Walter. If this strikes millennials as too square, that’s the way it goes (to adapt the old sign-off line Cronkite used).

But the way Cate Blanchett tries to bring Mary Mapes to life as the dynamo behind this story, in the process showing a minor tragedy of a serious female professional laid low by high-stakes office politics, is what is really of interest here, and hence viewers can just look at Rather as a sort of “female better half in the background” while the “male hero” of Mapes does all the story heavy-lifting.

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(Disclaimer: I worked at Prentice Hall, the educational publisher, in 1997-98 in a temporary role [through a placement agency], when it was owned by Viacom, and was aware of the management-delivered changes in procedures there and the impending sale of Prentice Hall and other educational-publishing properties, all more or less obviously a result of high-level Viacom corporate imperatives. My attitude about that situation—or how I felt about the resulting later situation at Pearson, the company Prentice Hall was sold to by Viacom in about 1998 [when I worked for the Scott Foresman branch of it as a freelancer in 1999-2000 and for the Prentice Hall branch as a freelancer in 2001 and 2002]—should not affect my rationale for telling this story about CBS today.)